Skip to content

What is inside an index fund

A fund that tracks the S&P 500 holds about 500 companies, but not in equal amounts. Here is what one of the largest, VOO, actually held, from the report it files with the SEC.

Lesson 4 of 5 2 min read

Published 2026-11-02. Every figure comes from VOO's report for 2026-06-30, saved here.

Not 500 equal slices

VOO's report lists 506 stock lines, because a few companies have more than one kind of share. The ten largest lines made up 36.49% of its stocks.

Holding Share of the fund's stocks Out of every $1,000
NVIDIA 7.53% $75
Apple 6.61% $66
Microsoft 4.31% $43
Amazon 3.63% $36
Alphabet class A 3.26% $33
Broadcom 2.78% $28
Alphabet class C 2.60% $26
Micron 2.02% $20
Meta 1.92% $19
Tesla 1.84% $18

Alphabet appears twice. Taken together, its two classes were 5.85%, or $58 out of every $1,000.

Why the weights look like this

The index weighs each company by its market value: its share price times the number of shares. When a company's price rises, it becomes a larger part of the fund. Nobody at the fund decides this. It follows the rule.

So you end up owning more of whatever has already gone up. That helps while those companies keep rising, and it hurts more if they fall.

What it protects you from, and what it does not

  • It protects you from one company failing. If Tesla went to zero, you would lose about 1.84% of this fund, not everything.
  • It does not protect you from the market falling. When most shares fall together, the fund falls with them.
  • It may not spread you as widely as you think. If you hold this fund, a technology fund and some NVIDIA shares, you may own the same few companies three times over.

Read it yourself

Funds must report their holdings to the SEC every quarter, and the report becomes public about 60 days after the quarter ends. So what you read is a little old, and it is what the fund itself filed, not a summary someone wrote about it.

Check it yourself

Each of these companies files its own reports. Check a claim about any of them.